Oh just saw this so let me clarify: yDNA and mtDNA can trace one line that is literally exponentially less important each generation but can trace long migrations, autosomal DNA is far more iffy but can be a useful tool. But heritage is not genetic, and ancestry is not necessarily important to culture or heritage. It is a tools that has use and can help answer questions but it doesn’t do anything to justify a biological basis for race. It can be a hint for finding heritage or inferring relationships, but it is useless for justifying a claim to membership in a tribe.
“Englishmen” isn’t a genetic grouping and neither is “Cherokee”, these are cultural and political groupings and not related to DNA at all. Elizabeth Warren didn’t claim to be “broadly from historical populations from the Americas” she claimed to be “Cherokee” then resorted to racist theories to back up this claim.
People seem to be ignoring is the explicit attempts of the government to historically “breed Indians out of existence” and how that relates to a potential POTUS making claims to membership to that heritage.
Blood quanta and DNA with Native Americans has been leveraged, to use a very strong word, to commit genocide. This may be absurd but realize that the US government admits that several Indian Health Service regions sterilized more than 25% American Indian women without their consent in the early 1970’s.
Actual genocide is a real and valid concern for the various distinct groups, nations and peoples who are labeled as Native Americans even today. This is not a conspiracy theory or hyperbole.