Former President George W

Acheson

Vice president Elbridge

Gerry

Chief Justice Charles Evans

Hughes

Presidential candidate Wendell

Willkie

Secretary of War Simon

Cameron

Senator and disgraced presidential candidate Gary W.

Hart

Presidential candidate “What Happened?” Loser Thomas

Dewey

Attorney General Edwin M.

Stanton

Surgeon General Charles E.

Potter

CIA Spy Hunter James Jesus

Incorrect.

(hint: he’s more commonly known by his first initial & middle name)

C. Everett Koop

Poet Edward Estin

Don’t you mean “edward estin”?
And under whose administration did he serve?

Looks like he served in the U.S. Army during the Wilson Administration, but not in an official capacity as a poet: E. E. Cummings - Wikipedia

U.S. Army Chief of Staff George C.

Sorry, I’d overlooked:

Angleton.

Play on from “U.S. Army Chief of Staff George C.,” please.

Marshall, Jr.

OSS/CIA officer and Presidential grandson Kermit

Roosevelt

Former ex-Senator and holds a unique distinction: William

Proxmire

(blasted by Arthur C. Clarke in a short story for opposing NASA funding)

Secretary of War Henry

Dearborn

Secretary of War Henry L.

Stimson

Nope!
It is Edward W. Proxmire so the name doesn’t work.
Also the “ex” Senator is a key part of the clue
The “unique” distinction is one that cannot be matched
There is no middle initial since he did not have a middle name

Still in play

Former ex-Senator and holds a unique distinction: William

Clearly you’re thinking of someone else, and that’s fine, but I beg to differ: William Proxmire - Wikipedia

I can think of no other U.S. senator about whom a famous sf author wrote. He is unique.