I can think of a couple of possible reasons for this.
One might be that the driver is messed up - Windows Update keeps offering me sound card drivers in the ‘optional’ section, in some cases they just stop everything working - in some cases, it offers me drivers that have nothing at all to do with the soundcard or the chipset it uses. So if this has been happening since you performed an update (or if you have Automatic Updates switched on), you could check the date of the sound card driver in the Device Manager (easiest way to launch this is to type start devmgmt.msc at a command prompt) and possibly roll back to a previous driver - or visit the website of your sound card’s manufacturer and download their latest driver offering.
The other thing it might be is that the sound card input is mapped to an output - have a look in Control Panel>Sounds and look in the Audio and Voice tabs - if there’s more than one choice in the Audio Recording and Voice Recording dropdowns, and it’s currently selected to use ‘Audio Mixer’ or something like that, this could be your problem - that everything coming out of the sound card is fed back into it through the recording mapping, and out and around again.