There are websites like bootdisk.com where you can download an executable file that when run will create a bootable Windows floppy disk with certain programs on it. Is there an easy way to do the reverse; to take a bootable floppy disk and create an executable that will replicate the floppy when run?
Yep. The magic phrase you want to google is “create floppy image” which will create an image of any floppy, whether it’s bootable or not. I haven’t used any of the programs that come up in the first couple of pages of searching so I’m not going to recommend any specific one.