I too grew up in a family where there were guns in the house (four girls, no boys). I think my father had a rather reasonable approach:
When we were young (your daughter’s age), we rarely saw the guns at all. Dad kept every last one of them locked up and unloaded. Mainly because little kids are mischevious and often don’t have good impulse control–sometimes they just can’t seem to fight their curiosity, even if they know they’ll get busted for messing with them.
When we were teenagers, Dad started leaving loaded handguns around the house. He told us where they were, and taught us how to use them. He wanted us to know where they were in case we ever needed to use them to defend ourselves. However, we knew that we would face ungodly punishment if we ever touched them in a situation that was not Life or Death.
At all ages, there was a very strict rule that we were not to talk to our friends about the fact that Dad had guns in the house. Once they were accessible, we were told that we had to make sure that our house guests did not discover them (though they weren’t kept in obvious places). I know Dad did this because he knew that kids can’t always control what their mischevious friends might do, and that it was better not to present the temptation. I think he was right on about this.
I don’t think you have to get rid of the guns. I do, however, think that you should make sure your daughter never, ever learns how to open the lock on the gun cabinet until she’s of a responsible age (probably older than 12). I never knew the combination to my dad’s gun safe–he wouldn’t tell us what it was. Still don’t know (though it’s moot now because of the loaded guns around the house).
As for the loaded gun that you don’t lock up–kids can usually find these. You’re probably right that she couldn’t fire it now. But within the next couple of years, I think you need to rethink this plan and add another layer of safety. If there are ever older kids who are allowed to roam your house unsupervised, you should consider another layer of safety now. I would at least consider not leaving any loaded guns around the house until your kids are over age 12 or so. This, of course, depends on your particular situation.
I do hope that you will instill respect for the power of the guns in your daughter. I think that sometimes growing up around weapons leads to a comfort level that then leads to a somewhat lax attitude about the need for safety measures and caution. This started to happen to my dad after awhile, even though he had always been one of the most incredibly cautious gun owners I’ve ever known. He made one mistake and came very near to shooting my sister. (He was cleaning the gun, forgot to check it, there was a round in the chamber, it fired. The bullet missed Sis by less than a foot.) Fortunately, this reminder didn’t have more tragic consequences. I still believe in private gun ownership, but this episode caused me to feel that gun owners need to be meticulous and unflinching in their handling of guns and their attitudes towards them, and need to be just as unflinching when they instill these things in their children.