Has any gravitic/relativistic observation been recorded which is analogous to the ultraviolet catastrophe?
I’m not sure I follow you. Are you asking if there is a divergence in the measured nature of gravity from classical expectations with increasing energy, as there was for the energy of blackbody radiation with decreasing wavelength? Perhaps you could clarify your question just a bit.
My first thought was, “Uh, what?!”
My second thought was Google, which gave me this cool page. And this. And this.
So, to summarize in the most general terms, which I think will be helpful, there were experimental observations that contradicted the classical physical laws of blackbody radiation. This led to Planck’s formulation of a new model which included h (Planck’s constant), which led to the idea of quantized light and quantum mechanics.
AFAIK, no experimental observations have ever contradicted special or general relativity.
The Standard Model has also not been contradicted by experimental observations. It’s a little different there; the Model has been expanded numerous times, but this has been to accomodate new particles, some of which were predicted before they were observed.
If I understand your question, the answer is indeed no. GR does quite adequately without the need for introducing QM in the mix.
There are certainly issues in cases like black holes and other singularities, where some mix of QM and GR would be expected to hold. However, since we can’t see what’s going on inside a black hole, it’s not possible to say, empirically, what’s going on. Outside of the event horizon, GR works pefectly well.
The answer to the posed question is indeed, no. No gravitational analogue of the ultraviolet catastrophe has been “recorded”, for the reasons that g8rguy mentioned. However, an analogue of the “ultraviolet catastrophe” does exist in the theory of general relativity.
The “ultraviolet catastrophe” was a prediction of classical theories of the radiative spectrum of blackbodies: it predicted that at short wavelengths, intensities of emitted particles would increase. This was known to be false–if it were true, anything of finite temperature would emit an infinite amount of energy.
Similarly, GR predicts the existence of singularities–regions where space and time are infinitely curved. As g8rguy mentioned, these singularities have not been observed (as they are behind event horizons)–nonetheless many consider them a flaw in the theory of GR that can only be remedied by a quantum theory of gravity.