In 1897, the Indiana State Legislature voted on a bill that would have allowed Indiana to put into its textbooks royalty free (presumably, every other state in the Republic would have had to pay royalties to the crackpot for use of a mathematical concept) the proof that pi was exactly equal to 16/sqrt(3), or 9.2376…, one of the grossest overestimates of pi in the history of mathematics. Even the Biblical value of pi, not known for its mathematical rigor, was closer in I Kings vii.23 and 2 Chronicles iv.2, which put the value at 3.
The bill was written by Edwin J. Goodman, M.D., of Solitude, Posey County, Indiana. It was introduced into the Indiana House of Representatives on 18 January 1897 by one Mr. Taylor I. Record, Representative from Posey County, and became House Bill No. 246, “A bill introducing a new Mathematical truth”. The bill was referred to the House Committee on Swamp Lands, and was returned with a recommendation that it pass. On 5 February 1897, the Indiana House of Representatives unanimously passed Dr. Goodman’s bill.
Five days later, in the Indiana Senate, it was referred to the Committee on Temperance, which recommended it for passage. It passed its first reading in that august body without comment.
Professor C.A. Waldo, member of Purdue University’s mathematics department, in the state capitol to see after the Academy Appropriation, was surprised to find the House in the midst of a mathematical dispute. When he learned that the House had passed the bill, he was horrified. He coached the Senators and, on the bill’s second reading (12 February 1897), the Senate voted to postpone indefinately further consideration of the bill. It has not been on the agenda since.
[Beckmann, Petr. “A History of Pi”. Copyright 1971 The Golem Press. New York: St. Martin’s Press.]
So, that’s as close as any state has come to legislating a value for pi. It was a near thing, however, and passage of the bill could easily have lead to a dangerous precedent. Little stickers in math books come easily to mind.