The Twelfth Amendment to the US Constitution changed the method by which the vice-president is elected. Previously, the electors in the Electoral College cast two electoral votes in a presidential election; the individual receiving the most votes was elected president, and the runner-up was elected vice-president. Under the terms of the 12th Amendment, however, the electors now cast one vote for president and one for vice-president.
When Lyndon B. Johnson was elevated from the office of Vice-President to President of the United States on November 22nd, 1963, after the assassination of John F. Kennedy, the office of Vice-President remained vacant for the remainder of that presidential term, as there was no way, under the law at that point, to fill the vacant position.
When Johnson ran for re-election in 1964, he named Humbert Humphrey as his running mate, and Humphrey served as vice-president for Johnson’s second term. The Twenty-Fifth Amendment, which was adopted in 1967, created a new provision for filling a vacant Vice-Presidential office, as well as creating a method for a temporary transfer of powers from the President to the Vice-President.
Only two people have ever been appointed to vacancies in the Vice Presidency under the 25th Amendment, and that was just a year apart: Gerald Ford by President Richard Nixon after the resignation of Spiro Agnew in Dec. 1973, and Nelson Rockefeller by Gerald Ford, by then President himself after Nixon’s resignation, in Dec. 1974. Fictional examples of such vacancies being filled under the 25th Amendment have appeared in The West Wing, House of Cards, 24, The Last Ship, Veep, The Bear and the Dragon and Scandal, among others.
EMALS, the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System, is used on aircraft carriers to assist planes in taking off. EMALS replaces the previous steam piston-driven catapults. EMALS is lighter, can handle lighter and heavier airplanes, has fewer moving parts, requires less maintenance, and provides a smoother takeoff thrust and therefore puts less stress on the airframes.
EMALS is provided on the new Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carriers.
The British Navy during World War I developed the first true aircraft carrier with an unobstructed flight deck, the HMS Argus, built on a converted merchant-ship hull. The war ended before the Argus could be put into action, but the U.S. and Japanese navies quickly followed the British example. The first U.S. carrier, a converted collier renamed the USS Langley , joined the fleet in March 1922. A Japanese carrier, the Hosyo , which entered service in December 1922, was the first carrier designed as such from the keel up.
The Battle of Midway was the turning point in the Pacific Theater during World War II. In the battle, Japan lost four carriers, a cruiser, 292 aircraft, and suffered approximately 2,500 casualties. The U.S. lost one carrier, one destroyer, 145 aircraft, and suffered 307 casualties.
SSR, I think you mean the Hosho: Japanese aircraft carrier Hōshō - Wikipedia. Interesting that she survived WWII, and afterwards brought back Japanese personnel from overseas.
In play:
There is, as we speak, an active Doper thread on how the pivotal 1942 Battle of Midway might have turned out differently: WWII: Battle of Midway...why couldn't the Japanese have pressed on and captured the island?
“The Monsters of the Midway” is a nickname for the Chicago Bears professional football team. The nickname was originally applied to the University of Chicago’s football team, the “Maroons,” which was coached by Amos Alonzo Stagg; the “Midway” in the nickname refers to the Midway Plaisance, a wide boulevard which runs along the southern edge of the U of C campus.
The University of Chicago dropped football as a sport in 1939, and the “Monsters of the Midway” nickname began to be applied to the Bears soon after.
The word “Maroon” is derived from marron, which is French for chestnut. As a food, chestnuts were much more widely eaten in earlier centuries. Until the introduction of the potato, European forest-dwelling communities with scarce access to wheat flour relied on chestnuts as their main source of carbohydrates.Their popularity declined during the last two centuries, partly due to their reputation of “food for poor people”.
Many people believe that the Pottsville Maroons were screwed out of the 1925 NFL Championship by being suspended after playing an allegedly approved game in another team’s territory (a violation of the rules).
Oh NVM
In 1920 the NFL was established as the APFA, the American Professional Football Association. There were four teams: the Canton Bulldogs, the Akron Pros, the Cleveland Tigers and the Dayton Triangles.
In 1922 the APFA changed its name to the NFL, the National Football League. There were now 18(!) teams.
From 1921 to 1931, the APFA / NFL determined its champion by overall win–loss record, with no playoff games.
In the 1932 season, the first-ever playoff game was played. The season ended in a tie for first place between the Chicago Bears and Portsmouth Spartans. Da Bears won the game and the championship. They won the game 9–0; and since the playoff game counted in the final standings, the Spartans finished the season in third place(!) behind runners-up Green Bay Packers. In 1934 the Portsmouth Spartans would become the Detroit Lions.
In the 1933 season the NFL split into two divisions of five teams each: the NFL East and the NFL West. The winner of each division played in the NFL Championship Game.
Thus, playoff games and championship games in the NFL have been played ever since the 1932 season.
In 1969 the NFL Championship Game was ended after that season. It was succeeded by the NFC Championship Game, and the champions of that game played the champions of the AFC Championship Game in the Super Bowl to determine the NFL champion.
From 1920 to 1969 the leaders in total NFL Championships won are:
11 — Green Bay Packers
8 — Chicago Bears
4 — New York Giants
4 — Detroit Lions
4 — Cleveland Browns
3 — Philadelphia Eagles
3 — Baltimore Colts
The Cleveland Browns are unique in at least two ways, compared to the other NFL franchises: they are the only team without a logo on their helmets, and they are the only team that was named after a person, original coach Paul Brown.
The Cleveland Browns, together with the Detroit Lions, are unique in that they’ve both never won a Super Bowl, they’ve both never even been to one, and they’ve both been NFL Champions.
Cleveland, Ohio is proud of the Browns, the Indians and the Cavaliers, and is also the home of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, the Polka Hall of Fame, the Cleveland Museum of Art, Severance Hall (home of the world-renowned Cleveland Orchestra), the giant Free Stamp sculpture, the Christmas Story House, the Museum of Natural History, the Museum of Art, the Museum of Contemporary Art, Playhouse Square, the Cuyahoga County Court House and Public Square (at the latter two of which portions of the first Avengers movie were filmed).
The St. Louis Browns, Philadelphia Athletics, and New York Giants were MLB teams that rented out their home stadiums to other MLB teams (Cardinals, Phillies, and Yankees). In all three cases, the team that was the primary tenant (and owner) of the park ended up relocating to another city. (The Yankees had left the Polo Grounds long before, of course)
The 1901 Milwaukee Brewers moved to St. Louis for the 1902 season, becoming the St. Louis Browns. The Brewers had been an also-ran in the Western League until Connie Mack became manager in 1894, but the Western League was renamed the American League in 1900, and league president Ban Johnson wanted the team to move to St. Louis, then the fourth-largest city in the US. The team played the 1901 season in Milwaukee, manager Mack having moved to the Philadelphia Athletics, finishing last. The team had brief sparks, but never won a World Series, winning their one-and-only pennant in 1944.
The NBA’s 25th anniversary season was 1970-1971. That year the Milwaukee Bucks were led by the seasoned Oscar Robertson (“the Big O”), and a young Lew Alcindor and Bob Dandridge to win their first NBA championship over the Baltimore Bullets led by Wes Unseld, Earl (“the pearl”) Monroe, and Gus Johnson.
In 1973-1973 the Bucks went to their second championship finals, led by the same three, but they fell to the Boston Celtics led by John Havlicek, Dave Cowens, Jo Jo White, and Paul Westphal.
In 1975-1976 the Phoenix Suns went to their first-ever NBA championship finals, led by Pat Riley and the same Paul Westphal, but they fell to the Boston Celtics led by Dave Cowens, Jo Jo White, Don Nelson, and Charlie Scott.
In 1992-1993 the Phoenix Suns went to their second championship finals, led by Charles Barkley and their coach Paul Westphal, but they fell to the Chicago Bulls led by Michael Jordan and Scottie Pippen.
In the 2020-2021 NBA season, time will tell wether the Phoenix Suns will win their first championship, or the Milwaukee Bucks their second.
The Phoenix Suns and the Milwaukee Bucks both joined the NBA as expansion franchises at the start of the 1968–69 season. Both teams finished last in their divisions. Although the Bucks had a much better record than the Suns (27-55 vs 16-66), a coin flip was held to determine who got the #1 pick in the upcoming draft. Milwaukee won the flip and chose Lew Alcindor from UCLA. Phoenix, with the #2 pick, selected center Neal Walk of Florida.
The Socratia Exorhiza palm tree is unique because it can “walk” from one place to another until it reaches more exposure to the sun. The locomotion is achieved when new roots grow in the foreground, and the old ones die and are displaced behind. The distance covered in a year may be 20 meters. It is found in Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama.