Long term, if it was really, really bad, you might see reversals or slowdowns of a number of trends, and accelerations of others.
For example, tolerance of large homeless populations could collapse if the public health issues in the Bay area and Los Angeles lead to a disaster.
Telecommuting and remote work may accelerate.
Globalism could take a hit, as companies learn that they might need to trade some absolute efficiency for redundancy and safety.
The EU could collapse. It’s already floundering, and open travel through the EU zone and the inability to close borders could become a serious problem.
Depending on how hard Iran is hit, the current regime could finally lose its last shred of credibility and control, and there could be a revolution, either quiet or violent.
China could come out of this with a huge blow to its trade. Depending on how many vital goods and medicines are made unavailable through supply-chain breakdowns sourced to Chinese suppliers, we could see massive shifts away from China.
The migration of peoples around the world from low density towns and rural areas towards high density cities could slow down or even reverse. The coming revolution in satellite internet availability could feed into this, as could increased acceptance of telecommuting and remote work. Such a trend could lead to massive shifts in wealth between states as property values decline in one area and increase in others, and high value, high paying jobs can be done from anywhere on the planet.
Xenophobia could rise.
The world economy has been propped up with massive amounts of debt ever since 2008. A crisis like this could be the catalyst that causes systemic financial collapse, cascading bankruptcies, and ultimately a global recession or depression.
Climate change will slow as fossil fuel consumption collapses along with manufacturing output and the general economy.
As stresses on populations and therefore leaders grow, there will be wars, riots, and a turn to authoritarianism on both the left and right.
Those are all guesses. No one knows what’s going to happen. I could probably paint scenarios in which all the above are exactly reversed. The world is complex and unpredictable.
If the Coronavirus eventually fizzles out without a deadly global pandemic that kills hundreds of millions, I suspect that everything will return to normal, with changes as above only on the margins, or not at all.