Well, certainly there have been commercial sucessful flavors introduced since Coca Cola. For example, orange soda, grape soda, Seven Up, and Mountain Dew were created after Coca Cola.
My guess would be that Pistachio ice cream and Tutti Fruitti were invented after Coca Cola. (Pistachio ice cream tastes nothing like pistachios!)
There is also the world of the Slurpie to explore. Flavors like White Cherry and Blue Raspberry are fairly recent.
Life Savers were invented in 1912, so the distinctive Butter Rum flavor was created some time after that.
Kool-Aid was created in 1927. During the '90s they introduces a new flavor called Sharkleberry Fin. (“It’s new! It’s pink!”) They no longer sell this flavor (sniff) but it tasted like nothing else. Ice Blue Raspberry Lemonade is even newer.