A “Bar” in Utah is a place that is open to the public, but only serves beer.
To get a mixed drink, you have to go to a “Private Club”, or to a restaurant with a liquor license, which are fairly common.
If you do go to a restaurant, you do have to order a meal to get a drink, you can’t just order drinks.
To get in a private club you have to be the guest of a member or buy a membership, which are usually available for two weeks for between $5 and $10, or a yearly membership which is usually $15 to $20.
Once you’re a member of a private club, you can come and go as much as you like, and get any kind of drink, as well as a fair selection of beers (at most clubs), and many have kitchens so you can order sandwiches, pizza, etc. Same have a fair selection of entrees. Contrary to popular belief, there are enough of both bars and private clubs to get anyone a drink who wants one.
I’m not a real bar person, but I do know of one private club in Layton called “Bogeys”. It’s a fairly new place, and has live music, dancing, video games, pool, etc. I’ve only been there during the day, but I’m told it gets pretty lively at night.
Try this link:
http://utah.citysearch.com/search?sorted=&type=grid&context=bars_nightlife&flavor_id=5&miles=10
for some bars and clubs in and around Layton.
And since Layton is only about 20 minutes north of Salt Lake, there are bunches of bars, restaurants, and private clubs in SLC you can get to pretty easily. Citysearch can help you find a bunch of those as well.
Hill Air Force Base is nearby, and they used to have public tours once in while, but I couldn’t tell you what the current situation is. My guess is a tour of one would not be allowed, so that may not be in the cards for you.
My brother’s backyard is a great place to watch the jets, but the security there is very tight! 
However, I’ll bet that the desk clerk at your hotel, or the wait-staff at a local bar or restaurant could tell you where to go to see some sights.
Ugly