I think “spritz” refers to the general nature of flat extruded cookies in interesting shapes, not necessarily only the recipe and shape that is “Danish butter cookies”.
IOW Danish butter cookies are but one example among many shapes, sizes, flavors, and decorations of spritz cookies.
Indeed there is, and it’s “Spritzgebäck”, literally “spurt pastry”. It’s called this because you spurt (“spritzen”) the dough through a cookie press to form the cookies. It’s a staple of German Christmas, my mother still bakes them every year, as my grandmothers used to do, and they’re delicious. They’re very similar to, but not quite the same as Danish cookies, but crunchier. Maybe Danish cookies use more butter, or just lose their crunch while being shipped and stored.
It takes a lot more time to master them than one would think. I never did have the patience for them, as I could never get the dough the right consistency for extrusion. So I’d just chill the dough in a three inch roll and slice off half-inch rounds to decorate and bake.
Here in Denmark I’ve never seen those blue tins that are apparently sold in many other countries. Christmas cookies are usually sold in a bag/case with only one variety, and of the four most popular varieties, only one is among those that are in the blue tins according to google.
That variety is called vaniliekranse, meaning vanila-wreaths. They are made like the spritzgeback EinsteinsHund described, dough is pressed through a small star shaped nozzle, ring shaped cookies are formed on the tray.
The cheaper brands are usually baked with vegetable oils rather than butter.
FYI, in the United States, Costco has four one-pound tins of Kelsen Danish butter cookies for $20, or five dollars a pound. (FYI, Kelsen is a sister brand of Royal Dansk.)
It’s been in use for ages. Common at least in the Midwest. My grandmother would have had one of those presses. My mother-in-law did. I see them at Goodwill now and then. If you google the term, you’ll see more than you ever wanted to know about them.
For the record, I knew the term “spritz cookies” from childhood forward, going back fifty years. I grew up in Washington State.
My grandparents on my mother’s side were of Norwegian and German extraction, so it’s possible we used the term for family reasons, rather than its regional currency.
The Biskwi cookies at Dollarama are made with palm oil and a small 113g tin is still C$3.50 - not cheap. Better off with the Leclerc Celebrations, which use better ingredients.