Ask him what areas of your responsibilities you should focus on and how you can best go about filling the gaps in you knowledge. Tell him you need a full understanding of his expectations and access to resources to acquire the required skills and knowledge. Then make a plan of how you will go about achieving it. Be comprehensive. Email it to him and get his confirmation. Then follow through and keep him updated. Kill him with over-communication. He’ll be sick of you and want you to leave him alone in no time.
Meanwhile, in meetings, don’t try to impress him by peppering your customers with a million questions or offering endless speculative solutions. Listen. Restate the problem. Say you will go do your homework and get back to them ASAP. Save the detailed questions for your one-on-ones with the business or IT support SMEs, which you now have a reason to schedule as a result.
I’m going to play devil’s advocate for a minute here. Are you sure your performance is as good as you think it is? Are the mistakes your co-workers make truly of the same gravity as yours?
One of two things is going on here, and I can’t know which it is. Either your boss is treating you unfairly, or he’s not and you are unwilling to accept fair criticism. If it’s the former, you’ve already gotten good advice here. Please entertain the possibility that it might be the latter.
I’m not trying to be harsh, but it’s human nature to turn a blind eye to our own shortcomings. Before you accuse your boss of singling you out, you must be 100% objectively certain that that is the case. If you aren’t, maybe you’d be wise to listen to his advice and use it to grow and improve.