A source I read said that there were 33kt of munitions at the depot, its not clear that they all went up, and they didn’t all blow up instantly like they would in a nuclear blast, but the total energy released might have been in the Hiroshima range.
The Wikipedia article on the Halifax Harbour explosion has a picture of the cloud. Big, but doesn’t look like a mushroom. The explosion was estimated at 3kt.
When I was about twelve I witnessed, from a suitable distance, a fuel tank for an air compressor on the back of a construction truck explode. It sent a mushroom cloud of flame and smoke albeit only 60 or 70 feet high, not into the stratosphere like the atomic and ammo dump explosions being mentioned. It does demonstrate that it can take less than you’d think to make a spectacular fireball.
Mushroom clouds are generated any time there’s sudden heat plus lots of particles in the air at a single location. I’ve seen them in some fairly small explosions, albeit, very short-lived clouds. Like lasting only a second or two.
Russia is apparently [marvin the martian voice]very angry[/marvin voice] with the countries that have been helping Ukraine fight them off. They stretched the legs a bit on one of their intercontinental ballistic missles,
Evidence suggests that the exercise did not go well.
Actually, AIUI, modern missile weapons are usually not supposed to make a big hole in the ground. That was the big weakness of the German V2 rocket: it exploded on impact, causing less damage than a V1 buzzbomb. In most cases that do not involve busting bunkers, a warhead should detonate at a height of something like half to two-thirds blast radius, so that it flattens stuff all around but leaves a minimal crater.
Biden has announced $5.5 billion in aid to be delivered by the end of his term. That’s going to be a huge push over the next few months.
Also another $2.4 billion in aid through another mechanism. I’m not sure if that will also be before the end of his term.