THank you, kimera. You found cites for what I have believed intuitively (and vaguely remember reading in the past).
tdn, every human being is worthy of respect until really proven otherwise, and to really prove otherwise, I’m talking about someone so immoral, so utterly useless to themselves or others - and deliberately so - that I have trouble imagining such a person’s existence.
Self-respect should be based first of all on the bases that one exists, and one has every right to exist, and that ordinary as one may seem, the fact remains that every individual is truly unique and therefore has something to offer the world that no one else has or ever will. I have no problem with pretty much unconditional self-respect, even though at times this may be overlaid with well-deserved shame (self-imposed) for actions on one’s own part that were unworthy. Unworthy of oneself, btw. I feel no shame for being unable to shoot a basket like Michael Jordan (or whoever is big in basketball these days), but I feel great shame for not living up to a responsibility I have voluntarily assumed.
But I differentiate between self-respect and self-esteem, although I admit my definitions are utterly arbitrary. (In fact, for the sake of this discussion, please mentally substitute ‘thinking very highly of oneself’ for self-esteem, the latter being shorter to type and less awkward in sentences.) And I deny utterly the late 20th century concept that boosting self-esteem is the panacea for all ills.
I majored in psych some ten years back, and while I haven’t retained much (computer programming doesn’t call for much citing of studies of this nature), I do remember reading that studies had shown that an amazingly large percentage of Americans had an exaggeratedly high assessment of their own intelligence, appearance, and general likeability as compared to assessments of these qualities by people who knew them (or less subjective measures such as testing for the intelligence). I think something like 10% of people believed themselves to be in the top 1% of intelligence and over 25% in the top 10% (it’s been a long time, so the numbers are fuzzy). So on the whole, I’d say that lack of self-esteem is hardly a universal problem. On the plus side, there was an extremely high correlation found between a *realistic * assessment of one’s own abilities and depression, so maybe that’s not all bad. Personally, I’d rather be accurate and depressed than over-estimate myself and be happy, but that may be my own quirk.
But when it comes to the raising and especially schooling of children, and admittedly, being childless I don’t have an enormous stake in this, I think it is a HUGE mistake to focus on raising self-esteem universally. I also remember studies showing, not unreasonably, that self-esteem automatically follows achievement for most kids, and I think it is a major mistake to just generally try to raise self-esteem first.
Don’t get me wrong. There are people, both kids and adults, who have trouble recognizing and acknowledging their own achievements - who *need * the external reinforcement to help them get past that. There are also people, again both kids and adults, whose belief in their own abilities is so low that they need real boosting to get to the point where they will even *try * to achieve. What I object to is the universal application of “improving self-esteem” as a solution to virtually every problem.
When I was a very little kid, I was ugly. Cute in a troll-like sort of way (I’ve seen pictures), but not pretty at all. I knew this; I had a mirror, and I wasn’t blind or stupid. My parents insisted on telling me that I was pretty, and I could tell that they were being absolutely sincere. All that this achieved was to teach me that people’s judgement was absolutely useless where love was involved. To this day, over forty years later, I never trust the assessment of anyone when I know they are fond of me. Maybe that wasn’t a bad lesson to learn, but I think I would have preferred to learn it a little later.
By all means, be generous with praise and recognition. But let it be given where merit has been demonstrated. Ten years ago, when I was back in school, I remember talking to a little girl (well, she was probably about 19 or so), who was bitching because she hadn’t gotten an A on a paper she had done. She was quite indignant, because she had worked quite hard on it. I pointed out to her that in the real world, you don’t get an A for effort. She muttered sulkily “Well, sometimes you do.” Pretty as she was, I’m sure that had been true not only in school, but in life, and would likely continue to for a little while. But I shudder to think what will happen when that little girl ceases to be as young and pretty. What’s going to happen to all these kids who are being taught that praise and recognition comes just for showing up, that they are entitled to be cherished by the world for the simple fact of their being?