To your debate: the question is, how do we distinguish “terrorism” from “guerilla warfare”?
I suggest that the answer is two-fold. To be guerilla warfare rather than terrorism:
(1) The objective of guerilla warfare must be a political military objective; and
(2) there must be strong connection between the means and the ends. If there is a strong and clear link between the act and the political objective, then it’s guerilla warfare. If the link is dubious or tenuous or non-existent at best, then it’s terrorism.
Example 1: (1776 US) If you want to kick the British out of your country, and you hide behind trees and rocks to shoot at their bright red uniforms as they march in file, that’s guerilla warfare. The goal is political/military and the act is directed at the British military.
Example 2: (1944 France) If you want to kick the Nazi Germans out of your country, and you organize resistance to liberate France, that attacks German soldiers and military personnel, that’s guerilla warfare.
Example 3: (1946 -48 pre-Israel) If you want to kick the British army out of your country, and you target British military personnel, that’s guerilla warfare. There is a clear link between the the goal and the act.
Example 4: (2001 US) If you want to kick the Israeli army out of Palestine, and you target the New York World Trade Center, that’s terrorism. There is no link between the act and the goal.
Example 5: (ongoing, Israel) If you want to kill all the Jews, and you blow up civilians in Tel Aviv, then you might argue that there is strong relationship between means and ends. However, (a) your objective is not political or military but simple racism and (b) your target was everyone who was on the bus, Jews and non-Jews, Israelis and tourists, and even occasionally Palestinians working in Israel.
I find this to be a useful working definition. Now, please note that the other side will almost always deplore the action as terrorism. The British in 1776 and the Germans in 1944 (Examples 1 and 2) viewed the American rebels and the Free French as terrorists. Similarly the list cited in the OP, of Jewish activities in 1946 - 48, were viewed as “terrorist” by the British and Arab governments. Hey, Saddam Hussein thinks that the US is engaged in terrorist activities in Iraq.
However, my definitions allow (I think) a more objective perspective.