"What will happen to Catholics and others . . . ?"

or praying.

Having more time to review the linked site, I note that it is not an actual proclamation by the church, but a commentary on church teachings by Cardinal Ratzinger (now Pope Benedict).
The list is interesting in that it includes reserving the priesthood to men. When Pope John Paul II declared that the discussion on ordaining women was “closed,” then-Cardinal Ratzinger rushed forward to declare that statement an infallible decree. Pope John Paul, however, when asked about it, said that he had not issued an infallible decree.

The linked article provides insight into the workings of the RCC, (along with some maneuvering by Ratzinger to put his stamp on church teachings), but it does not provide a comprehensive list of infallible declarations. I would also note that, (so far), Pope Benedict has made no effort to reaffirm the infallible nature of the declaration that the discussion is closed regarding ordaining women. (He might be a bit more cautious now that he is actually the head honcho.)

Whilst you’re correct about the US, I live in the EU, and there is case law within the European Human Rights framework that allows people to cite religious belief as an exemption from following certain laws or regulations in certain circumstances. It’s certainly not a catch all excuse, and one of the articles specifically states that rights under other articles can’t be used to contravene the other rights (so arguing my right to freedom of religious belief trumps your right not to be killed as a homosexual is immediately negated).