I’ll toss in yet another thought for you, Bill.
Many years ago someone close to me developed a raging methamphetamine habit. Over the course of two years he graduated to a 2 gram a day habit. He kind of thought he was holding it together up until near the end. In truth some people close to him were aware that he was out there. Not all, to be sure, as most of the people he was around were as whacked out as he was. They all saw speedbugs - that was normal.
Nevertheless, he reached that moment of self-realization others have mentioned or alluded to wherein he comprehended that he had about one more footstep worth of plank to walk. Several attempts to quit had failed, usually after a buddy/buddette dropped by with some crank to share.
So, he went hermit in his house (a fortuitous circumstance had been the departure of his equally drug-addled roommate who was replaced by a friend’s non-addicted younger brother). He set a goal, and that was to secure employment in another city, any other city. It took about five weeks, during which he had a yet another meth experience. A critical thing to understand is that he had reached a point where the negative effects of the drug had begun to outweigh the euphoric effects. He’d had enough experience to realize that he was going to pay for that rush. The one revisitation he had after a couple of weeks clean just reinforced the feeling of, “I hate what this stuff does to me!”
So he moved to a city where he had no social contacts at all to start a new job. He had very little money, but just enough. Without a TV, he started reading a lot. And, the situation being what it was, he absolutely focussed on his job, and shined in that employment. He’s told me that he essentially spent a year without friends to speak of and then it started getting better. And that lack of social contacts was the key - he didn’t know where to go get some speed in a moment of weakness, and no acquaintance were going to drop by to dose him.
So he, having been without the resources to do enter a rehab program, made a two element plan: 1.) he did a “white-knuckle” detox at home by himself, 2.) he removed himself from the environment - i.e., he ditched all of his friends from meth world and went to where they couldn’t find him and he couldn’t find them.
That was twenty years ago and he’s doing fine. I think another part of it all was that he had a whole new world to confront and learn about, which occupied the formerly 250-mph-in-neutral mind. And, being focussed on the new job, accomplishments began to accrue.
As many have noted, a junkie can (and they often do) come up for air, but that usually only happens when they reach that point of, whatever, epiphany or some such; I can’t offer much as to how you get them there but a key thought my pal had was that the upside was just no longer worth the downside. The key I see in his plan was the removal of himself from the environment. Move to another city.
This is all offered as an alternative approach that has one key ingredient (removal from the environment). Other elements are the same, primarily the addict’s realization that it is time for change. My older sister and my younger brother have been in AA for 19 and 17 years respectively - the 12 step approach has definitely worked for them (and their spouses, I might add). So this is just one more approach.
I will note, though, that the aforementioned interventions are tricky business, at best.
Good luck to your friends, Wildest Bill